英语常见词根词缀大全（一）

一、前缀（Prefixes）

（something→sth.；somebody→sb.；noun名词→n.；verb动词→v.；adjective形容词→adj.；adverb副词→adv.；红色加粗部分也是词根）

1、a-/an- ：no;without;lack；加强意义

①asocial 不好社交的：a(no) +social(社交的）→asocial 不好社交的

Are you asocial or do you just enjoy living in the Antarctic?

②acentric 无中心的：a（without）+centric中心的→acentric 无中心的

At first, the thesis describes the fluid and acentric narrative mode.

首先, 文章阐述的是流动性、去中心的叙事方式.

③aright 正确地：a（表加强意义）+right（正确的）→aright正确地

When I pray, I must seek to know God aright.

2、a- ：in;on;at;by;with;to

①asleep 在熟睡中：a（in）+sleep（睡觉）→asleep 在熟睡中

He soon fell asleep with weariness.

②abed 在床上：a（on）+bed（床上）→abed 在床上

I always think of many things abed .

③aside 在一边：a（at）+side旁边→aside在…旁边即在一边

We turned aside from the main road.

④abreast 肩并肩地：a（by）+breast胸部→abreast胸部于胸部相邻引申为肩并肩地

The four of them walked abreast.

3、ab- ：from;away from

①absorb 吸收：ab（from）+sorb（吸附、吸收）→absorb（sorb from从…吸附即吸收）

Dry sand absorbs water.

②abnormal 不正常的：ab（away from）+normal正常的→abnormal（away from normal即远离正常→不正常）

We were very surprised at his abnormal behavior.

4、ac- ：at;to,或表示加强意义

①accustom 使习惯：ac(to)+custom(风俗、习惯）→accustom（使…慢慢成为习惯→使习惯）

He soon gets accustom to dormitory life and make two or three friends.

②account 计算，算帐：ac（to）+count（数数、计算）→account（to count the number of sth数…的数量即计算、算账）

He figured up the balance in their checking account.

③accredit 信任：ac（表强调，加强意义）+credit（相信、信任）→accredit

（信任）

We accredit the invention of the electric light bulb to Edison.

accredit …to 把…归功于某人

5、ad- ：to;toward;forward

①admixture 混杂：ad（to）+mix（动词：混合+ure名词后缀→mixture名词：混合、混杂）→admixture（to mix sth混合某物→混杂）

Our club was composed principally of students, with an admixture of young clerks.

②adjoin临近：ad（toward）+join（链接、联结）→adjoin（to join sth together to make them closer→临近）

The two houses adjoin.

③adventure 冒险：ad（forward表倾向性行为）+venture（冒险）→adventure（去冒险）

But Jules was not eager for classroom learning, he hungered for adventure.

6、af- ：at;to,或表示加强意义

①affix 附加，贴上：af（to)+fix(固定、使牢固）→affix（to fix one thing on another→附加、贴上）

Please affix your name to my homework.

②affirm 肯定，确实：af（表加强意义）+firm（确定的）→affirm肯定、确实

Scientists cannot affirm the existence of life on other planets.

③affright 震惊，恐惧：af（表加强意义）+fright（恐怖、惊吓）→affright（震惊、恐惧）

"Who are you?" he again asked in affright.

7、ag- ：at;to,或表示加强意义

①aggrandize 增大：ag（表加强意义）+grand（宏大的；宏伟的） +ize（动词词根）→aggrandize（增大）

Indeed, it should be pointed out that although women status were greatly improved, we can not aggrandize the improvement.

②aggravate 加重：ag（表加强意义）+grav（=heavy重）+ate（动词词根）→aggravate加重

This will aggravate the current scarcity of natural resources caused by environmental degradation.

③aggrieve 使悲痛：ag（表加强意义）+grieve（悲伤）→aggrieve（使悲痛）

I hope I didn't aggrieve her feeling.

8、amphi- ：两、双

①amphicar 水陆两用车：amphi（两、双）+car（车）→amphicar水陆两用车

A German - made amphicar is making quite a splash in New Bern, North Carolina.

②amphibian 水陆两栖的：amphi（两、双)+bi(两）+an（表名词和形容词,"……地方,……人或动物等"）→amphibian水陆两栖的

③amphitheater两边都可观看的剧场，圆形剧场：amphi（两、双)+theatre（电影院、戏院）→amphitheater圆形剧场

Some famous amphitheaters were built by the Romans.

1. ante- ：before

①antetype 先型，原型：ante（before）+type（类型）→antetype（原型）

Reporter asked the writer who is the antetype of the character in his article.

②anteroom 前室，接待室：ante（before）+room（房间）→anteroom（接待室）

Leaving the elevator on the tenth floor,they stepped into the windowless anteroom.

③antedate 比实际早的日期;先于、早于：ante（before）+date（日期）→antedate(before the date of …在…日期之前→先于、早于）

1. anti- ：against对抗、反对

①antifreeze 防冻：anti（against）+freeze（冰冻）→antifreeze（make sth against freeze使…抗冻→防冻）

Fill the cooling system with antifreeze as a protection against frost.

②antiwar 反战的：anti（对抗、反对）+war（战争）→antiwar（反对战争→反战的）

John and Yoko played key roles in the anti - war movement in the 1970 s.

③antiageing 防衰老的：anti（对抗、反对）+ageing（变老、老化）→antiageing防衰老的

How much faith should we put in anti-ageing products?

1. ap- ：加强或引申意义

①appoint 指定，任命：ap（表引申）+point（表明、指向）→appoint（指定、任命）

"Why didn't you appoint Ron twelve months ago?"—"Good question."

②appraise 评价：ap（表引申）+praise（赞扬、赞美）→appraise（评价）

An employer should appraise the ability of his men.

1. ap-/apo- ：离开

①apogee 远地点(远离地球之处)、最高点、最远点

apo（离开）+gee→apogee（最高点、最远点）

The Alliance for Progress reached its apogee during the first half of the decade.

②apostasy 脱党，叛教：

apo（离开）+stasy→apostasy（脱党、叛教）

Apostasy often has its roots in moral failure.

背教的人通常是先在道德方面一败涂地。

1. ar- ：at;to,或表示加强及引伸意义

①arrear 在后，拖延：ar（at）+rear（后面、背部）→arrear（at the back of sth在某物的背后→在后、拖延）

I'm in arrears with the housework. 我的家务事还拖著呢。

②arrange 安排，布置：ar（表加强）+range（排列、排序，把…分类）→arrange安排、布置

You must arrange these books in alphabetical order.

1. arch- ：1)big;chief. 2)ancient

①archbishop 大主教：arch（big、chief）+bishop（主教）→archbishop（大主教）

He was consecrated archbishop last year.他于去年就任大主教之圣职。

②archaeology 考古学：arch（ancient古老的）+e+ology（表示学科）→archaeology（study some ancient things研究古代的东西→考古学）

CSCA is the research center focused on Chinese archaeology.

北京大学中国考古学研究中心是以研究中国考古学为主的实体学术机构。

15、as ：to;forward

①assort 分类：as（to）+sort（分类、筛选、选出）→assort（to sort sth out把某物选出来→分门别类）

My daughter will not assort with her peers.

我女儿和她的同龄人不合群.

be assort with … 与…相符、与…一致

②assure 使确信，担保：as（to）+sure（确信、确保）→assure（to make sure sth使某事确信、确保→使确信、担保）

They tried to assure him of their willingness to work.

③associate 联合，结合：as（to）+sociate（联系）→associate（to sociate something with another one把一件事情和另一件事情联系在一起→联合，结合）

The press feels the need to associate itself with the green movement.

媒体感到有必要支持绿色运动。

16、at- ：at;to,或表示加强及引伸意义

①attest 证明：at（to）+test（测验、考验）→attest（to test sth测验某物→证明）

The child's good health attests to his mother's care.

②attract 吸引：at（to）+tract（拉）→attract（to tract sth or sb→吸引）

The flower show attracted large crowds this year.

17、auto- ：self;personally

①autograph 亲笔：auto（self）+graph（写）→autograph（write sth by oneself自己写… →亲笔）

I've got lots of famous footballers' autographs.

②autoalarm 自动报警器：auto（self）+alarm（警报、报警）→autoalarm(自动报警器）

In fire autoalarm control system the fire detector is the key part for the detecting of fire signals.

火灾自动报警控制系统中,探测器是探测火灾信号的关键部件。

③autobiography 自传：auto（personally）+biography（传记、个人简介）→autobiography（自传）

Iacocca's autobiography is a best-seller.

18、be- ：make or cause to be；加以...,饰以...,用...(做某事)；在；加强及引申意义

①befit 适宜：be（make）+fit（适合）→befit（make sth fit …使某物适合…→适宜）

Such actions do not befit you.

②bepowder 在...上撒粉：（be加以…，饰以...+powder花粉→bepowder给某物加以/饰以花粉→在...上撒粉）

If both orders are opposed the block defect frost may be erased when the bottom is bepowdered.

③becloud 遮蔽：［be用...(做某事)+cloud云→becloud用云遮盖某物即遮蔽］

Remorse took hold of the disciples because they had allowed the prevailing unbelief to leaven their opinions and becloud their understanding.

门徒心中觉得非常痛悔，因为他们让当时社会上流行的不信，影响自己的思想，蒙蔽自己的认识。

④beside 在...旁：（be在+side旁边→beside在…旁边）

I set a chair beside him and sat down.

⑤bespatter 溅污：be（表加强意义）+spatter溅，洒落→bespatter 溅污

All speeches made to bespatter me in the trial will be punished.

凡是在审判中诋毁我的言论都将被定罪！

19、bene- ：well;good

①benevolent 乐善好施的：bene［（well；good）+vol（wish,will,表示"意志,意愿"）+ent→benevolent好的意志/意愿→乐善好施的］

The original designers of the human body were benevolent beings.

人类身体的最初设计者是仁慈的生命体。

②benediction 祝福：bene［（well；good）+dict（say/assert,表示"说话,断言,写"）+ion名词后缀→benediction说好话→祝福］

I say the benediction to my father's birthday.

③benefaction 恩惠，善行：bene［（well；good）+fact（do,make 表示"做,制作"）+ion名词后缀→benefaction做好事→恩惠、善行］

I will repay your benefaction one day.

20、bi- ：two

①bicycle 自行车：bi（two）+cycle（自行车）→bicycle（自行车）

Can you ride a bicycle?

②bilateral 双方：bi（two）+lateral（侧向； 外侧 ）→bilateral有两个外侧的即双方

Nothing emerged from the bilateral talks. 双边会谈没有结果。

③bicolor 双色的：bi（two）+color（颜色）→bicolor有两种颜色的即双色的

a bicolor postage stamp双色邮票

21、by- ：旁、侧、非正式、副

①byroad 小路，僻径：by（旁、侧）+road（路）→byroad（大路旁边的路即小路）

Xiaoming likes to go back home on the byroad.

②bywork 业余工作：by（非正式、副）+work（工作）→bywork（非正式的工作即业余工作）

To releave the economic burden in the family his wife finds a bywork.

③byname 别名，绰号：by（非正式、副）+name（名字）→byname（非正式的名字、副名即别名）

His classmates would like to call his byname rather than his real name after this case.

22、circu- ：around

①circumnavigate 环球航行：circu（around）+navigate（航行）→circumnavigate（navigate around the world环绕着世界航行即环球航行）

Magellan was the first person to circumnavigate the globe.

麦哲伦是第一个环球航行的人。

②circumspect 考虑周到的：circu［（around）+spect（look/see,表示"看"）→circumspect环顾四周即考虑周到的］

He was very circumspect in his financial affairs.

他对于自己的财务十分细心。

③circumpolar 在两极周围的：circu（around）+polar（极地的，两极的）→circumpolar（around the polar环绕两级的即在两级周围的）

It's commonly considered a single circumpolar species.

这一般被认为是极地地区单一的品种。

23、co- ：together

①co-action 共同行动：co（together）+action（行动）→co-action（do sth. together一起做某事即一起行动、共同行动）

It was co-action of government，society and people for China’s recovery from economic crisis.）

②cooperate 合作：co（together）+operate（操作；经营、管理）→cooperate（operate sth. together共同管理某事即合作）

I am so happy to cooperate with you.

③coeducation 男女同校：co（together）+education（教育）→coeducation（男女在一起接受教育即男女同校）

Coeducation is very common in North America.

24、col- ：together

①collaboration 协作，勾结：col（together）+labor（劳动、工作）+ation（名词后缀）→collaboration（do labor together一起劳动/工作即协作）

He wrote the book in collaboration with his colleagues.

②collingual 用同一种语言的：col（together）+lingual（语言的）→collingual（use one language together即用同一种语言的）

United Nations and United Kindom are two collingual countries.

③collocate 并置，并列：col（together）+locate（查找…的地点；确定…的位置 ）→collocate（locate two things together使两个事物坐落在一起即并置、并列）

These two words don't collocate. 这两个词搭配不当。

25、com- ：together；加强或引伸意义

①compatriot 同胞、同国人：com（together）+patriot（爱国者，爱国主义者）→compatriot（在一起的爱国者即同胞）

He believes that he and his compatriot student are the future leaders.

他相信他和他同国的学生是未来的领袖。

②commove 使动乱：com（表加强意义）+move（移动）→commove使动乱

His vibrant voice commove the air. 他响亮的声音振动了空气。

③commemorate 纪念：com（表引申意义）+memor（memory,表示"记忆"）+ate（v.后缀）→commemorate（记住某人或某事即纪念)

A monument was built to commemorate the victory.

26、con- ：together；加强或引伸意义

①concolorous 同色的：con（together）+color（颜色）+ous（adj.后缀）→concolorous颜色一样的即同色的

It is monotonous to paint the rooms with concolorous painting.

②confirm 使坚定：con（表示加强）+firm（表示"坚定"）→confirm（使坚定）

His letter confirmed everything.

27、contra- ：against

①contradiction 矛盾：contra（against）+dict（say/assert,表示"说话,断言,写"）+ion（1. 表示"某种物,用品;人等"; 2. 表名词,"动作或状态等"）→contradiction与…对着干即矛盾

The contradictions are becoming increasingly acute.矛盾日益尖锐.

②controversial 可能引起争议的：contra（against）+oversial→controversial 可能引起争议的

More controversially, he claims that these higher profits cover the cost of finding fresh talent.

更具争议的是，他声称这些更高的利润可足以支付寻找新人才所花费的成本。

③contraclockwise 逆时针方向的：contra（against）+clock（钟）+wise［（1、用于名词后构成副词）表示“关于”，“在…方面”；（用于名词后构成副词）表示“像…一样”，“如同”］→contraclockwise向时钟相反的方向转动即逆时针方向的

Turn the key contraclockwise/in an contraclockwise direction.逆时针方向转动钥匙

28、cor- ：together；加强或引伸意义

①correlation 相互关系：cor（together）+relation（关系）→correlation(relate two things together两件事关联在一起即相互关系）

Are you familiar with their correlation ?

②correct 改正，纠正：cor（表加强意义）+rect（straight/right,表示"正,直"）→correct（make sth. rect使某物正确即改正、纠正）

Your answer to the question is correct.

③corrugate 使起皱纹：cor（表引申意义）+rugate（皱的，有折痕的）→corrugate（make sth. rugate使某物有折痕即使起皱纹）

His brow corrugated with the effort of thinking.他皱着眉头用心地思考。

29、counter- ：opposite

①counterrevolutionary 反动的：counter（opposite）+revolutionary（革命的）→counterrevolutionary和革命相反的即反动的

The Central Committee of the Party headed by Comrade Mao Tse-tung fought these counterrevolutionary elements resolutely.

以毛泽东同志为首的党中央，同这些反革命分子进行了坚决的斗争。

②countercurrent 逆流：counter（opposite）+current（电流、水流、趋势）→countercurrent（和趋势相反的即逆流）

Black tea extracts are normally produced by a hot or boiling water extraction process, usually a countercurrent process.

红茶的提取物通常是用热水或沸水通过逆流萃取工艺来制取的。

③counterattack 反攻，反击：counter（opposite）+attack（攻击）→counterattack（attack against sth.攻击某物即反攻、反击）

We have launched a counterattack against them.

30、de- ：down from； 向下、降低、减少；使成...,作成...,或仅作加强意义；not；除去、取消、毁

①deplane 下飞机：de(down from)+plane(飞机）→deplane（down from plane从飞机上下来即下飞机）

Let people that have tight connections deplane first.

请让需要转机的乘客先下飞机。

②depress 压低，压下；使沮丧：de（向下）+press（按、压）→depress（向下按即压低、压下；引申为是某人心情低下即使沮丧）

He was depressed by his defeat.

③depopulation 人口减少:de(减少）+population（人口）→depopulation（人口减少)

The village is suffering from depopulation.

④devalue 贬值:de(降低）+value（价值）→devalue（价值降低即贬值）

If these measures are insufficient, a country may devalue its currency.

如果这些措施并不适合，那么一个国家将可能对他本国货币进行贬值。

⑤delimit 划定界限：de（表示加强意义）+limit（限制）→delimit（to limit sth限制某事即划定界限）

The first chapter delimits her area of research.

⑥denude 使裸露：de（使成...)+nude(裸露的）→denude（使...裸露）

Mining would pollute the lake and denude the forest.

采矿会污染湖水，毁掉森林。

⑦depicture 描绘，描述：de（作成...）+picture（描绘、画）→depicture（作成画即描绘、描述）

CTA can depicture the three dimensional anatomy structure and supply useful information.

CAT能够描述三维解剖结构，提供有效信息。

⑧denationalize 非国有化：de（not）+national（国家的，国有的）+ize（动词后缀，使...化，使...具有某种性质）→denationalize（not nationalize即非国有化）

denationalize and subject (a territory) to the supervision of an agency of a European community of nations

解除国有化并致于欧洲市场的监督之下

⑨desalt 除去盐份：de（除去）+salt（盐）→desalt（除去盐分）

How to let the scar of the operation desalted?

如何让手术的疤痕淡化?

⑩deforest 砍伐森林：de（毁）+forest（森林）→deforest（毁灭森林即砍伐森林）

I intend that humans cease to deforest and reforest those regions that have been deforested.

我希望人类停止滥砍伐,并对那些已经过度砍伐的森林重新造林。

⑪decontrol 取消管制：de（取消）+control（控制）→decontrol（取消控制即取消管制）

He established a national energy policy that included conservation, price decontrol, and new technology.

他成立了一个包括保护，价格放开，和新技术的国家能源政策。